(In completion we politely refer also to the article: „Enver Hoxha – the 5th architect of Marxism-Leninism“ -)

Enver Hoxha

[ 16. 10. 1908 – 11. 4. 1985 ]



Long live Comrade Enver Hoxha!

(on occasion of his 20th Death day – 11. 4. 2005)



His Life and His Work

The following text is based on an excerpt of “Enver Hoxha – His Life and His Work“ - published by the Institute of Marxist-Leninist Studies at the CC of the Party of Labour of Albania in 1985. It was completed by the Comintern [ML]. Supplementaries by Wolfgang Eggers.

„My beloved town, where I was born, I am greatful to you for ever, because you raised me, you taught me, and you gave me strength to perform my duties to the Homeland and to fight for the victory of those who were oppressed, of those who suffered from poverty and hunger“ (Enver Hoxha).





Childhood and youth

Enver Hoxha was born on October 16, 1908, in a patriotic Gjirokastra family. His mother, Gjylo, was an unpretentious woman of the people. His father, Halil, who before and during the First World War had known the sufferings of the economic emigrant, with the small income of a minor clerk, coped with the needs of his family and the cost of raising and educating five children, with difficulty. Enver Hoxha spent his childhood and early youth in the town of his birth, in an environment closely linked with the struggle for national liberation and the progress of Albania.

On November 28, 1912 the ceaseless struggles for freedom against the Ottoman occupation were crowned with the proclamation of the independence of Albania at the Assembly of Vlora. Enver Hoxha`s uncle, Hysen Hoxha, a well-known patriot with authority, chairman of a number of patriotic and cultural associations in the town and initiator of the first Albanian school in Gjirokastra, took part in this great event as a delegate od Gjirokastra. Hysen Hoxha played an appreciable role in the civic and patriotic education of Enver Hoxha, especially during the absence of his father, when the latter was in ec onomic emigration in the USA.

In March 1913, only three and a half months after the proclamation of independence, Gjirokastra and the surrounding zones were occupied by the Greek chauvinists who were replaced three years later by the Italian imperialists. Enver Hoxha was to spend his childhood under this occupation regime (1913-1919), amidst the permanent popular resistance which was crowned with the war of Vlora in 1920, with the liberation of the territories occupied by the foreigners. Beginning from this period, admidst dramatic events and struggles for freedom and for the preservation of the territorial integrity of the country, the young Enver Hoxha was imbued with great live for the Homeland, for its freedom and independence.

In the years 1917-1923 Enver Hoxha attended lessons at the public school „Drita“, which was opened through the efforts of Gjirokastra patriots in the grave conditions of the Italian occupation. Together the young Enver Hoxha became acquainted with the great events of the democratic movement of 1920-1924, which left indelible impressions on him.

After leaving the public school „Drita“ (1917-1923), Enver Hoxha continued his studies at the French Lycée newly opened in Gjirokastra (1923-1927). At this period, a zealous pupil, thirsting for knowledge and culture, he was formed also as a revolutionary democratic youth. An admirer of Avni Rustemi, a sympathizer of the progressive „Bashkimi“ Association and the Bourgeois-Democratic Revolution of June 1924, Enver Hoxha, after the counter-revolutionary change and the advent to power of A. Zog (December 1924), was to align himself with the forces of opposition to the regime of mediaeval obscurantism which prevailed in Albania.

„... for days on end we read in French ... what had occured in Russia. A new world began to dawn in my young brain. It was the first spark of a great fire which enlightened me in the home of a poor proletarian --- It must have been the year 1926“ (Enver Hoxha)

The 16-year old Enver Hoxha was one of the initiators and secretary of the „Student“ Association in Gjirokastra which was formed at the beginning of July 1924. With its cultural-artistic activities, this association evoked love for the Homeland, freedom and democracy. When, after the establishment of the Zogite domination, reactionary elements demanded the closing of the „Student“ Club, Enver Hoxha was at the head of the revolt of the progressive pupils. In 1926, Enver Hoxha, who had learned about and been enthused by the French Revolution of the 18th century while he was at school, came in contact for the first time with the ideas of the October Socialist Revolution which had penetrated into Albania some years before. These ideas, which represented a new world, a new ideology, communism, were implanted more deeply in the mind of Enver Hoxha during the period when he continued and completed his secondary studies in Korça (1927-1930).

„When I was granted a bursary to go to Korça, my joy was great, indescriebable ... A new page of my life was being opened, with great hopes, with fine dreams, with thoughts and a greater sense of responsibility about ny duties as a young man towards my family and the Homeland!“ (Enver Hoxha).

His attending lessons at the French Lycée of Korça played an important role in the education of the young Enver Hoxha with progressive and revolutionary ideas. The works of the men of our National Renaissance and of democratic and progressive foreign literature with which he became acquainted there, umbued him more deeply with love for the Albanian language, for the cultural wealth of the Homeland, and for the great, progressive and revolutionary world culture. For Enver Hoxha and other sons of the people who were pupils of the Lycée the history of French revolutions was a great lessons which increased their hatred and prepared them for a struggle against the feudal regime of Zog.

„The Lycée of Korça was a progressive and revolutionary centre ... With what we learned and read there we were armed against the feudal regime...“ (Enver Hoxha).

Enver Hoxha` memories of his childhood were written in his manuscripts. They were published in a book, titled „The years of childhood“. This book was continued by „The years of youth“, which he wrote during the 70ies. On his 80th birthday Enver Hoxha`s book was published in 1988. The book was adapted to the screen by the film studio „New Albania“.









In the Communist Movement



For the Albania of the time,, Korça in the years 1927-1930 was a big urban centre with a relatively developed working class, and one of the most revolutionary. Elements of it had embraced the ideas of communism and had formed the nucleus of the future „Puna“ communist group (the Communist Group of Korça) in 1927. In this town, the revolutionary democrat Enver Hoxha felt himself close to the corageous and progressive workers of Korça and linked himself for the first time with the Albanian communist movement. The Manifesto of the Communist Party, which the communist worker Koci Bako gave him, accompanied with the instruction: „Read it, translate it, keep it hidden and return it to me,“ works of other classics of Marxism-Leninism and the Albanian communists gave Enver Hoxha that orientation which was to become the greatest and only purpose of his life.

In the summer of 1930 Enver Hoxha completed his studies at the Lycée of Korça with excellent results. After great efforts, in October 1930 he was granted a bursary to continue his studies in the Faculty of Natural Sciences at the University of Montpellier in France. Being unable to persue his higher studies in the social sciences as he desired, because he lacked the money. Enver Hoxha enrolled in the faculty for which he was granted the bursary.

Enver Hoxha enrolled and commenced his studies in the Faculty of Natural Sciences, but the social sciences remained his passion. During his years of study at Montpellier he devoted a great deal of time to the study of literary, historical and philosophical works, and especially to the study of Marxist-Leninist literature, and attended lectures and conferences in the worker`s clubs run by the CP of France.

During the years of his schooling Enver Hoxha spent the summer holidays in his birthplace. He stayed with his parents, sisters, relations and the friends that he loved and valued so much. In his companions he valued honesty, intelligence, the will to learn and, above all, devotion to serve the Homeland. In November 1933 the Zogite government cut off Enver Hoxha`s bursary. After unseccessfull efforts to find some job so that he could continue his studies, Enver Hoxha left Montpellier and went to Paris in the hope of finding work in order to continue studying there, in the Faculty of Law.

In the capital of France, in the Paris of the communards, Enver Hoxha became acquainted with French communists, entered into the circles of Parisian workers and took part in the rallies organized by the CP of France. In the clubs for Marxist education run by the CP of France in the worker`s quarters, he studied extracts from and commentaries on Karl Marx`major work, Capital, and Engels` work, Anti-Dühring.

Through his own efforts and with the assistance of some Albanian friends, in 1934 Enver Hoxha was appointed as a clerk in the Albanian consulate in Belgium. In Brussels he enrolled and attended studies in the Faculty of Law of the Free University of Belgium und persued his studies of Marxism-Leninism further. The ideas of this theory, considered in the light of the situation in Albania and the movement on the proletariat, especially the French proletariat, played a special role in imbuing Enver Hoxha with the revolutionary world outlook and spirit of a resolute communist. For his revolutionary activity, which came to the notice of the agents of Zog, in 1936 he was dismissed from his position on the grounds that he had turned the consulate into an arsenal of Marxist literature.

During the years of his studies and work in France and Belgium, on his journeys to and from the Homeland, Enver Hoxha had frequently stopped in the city of Bari in Italy. In that city he was given the possibility to mix with the anti-Zogite emigrees who had left Albania after the defeat of the Bourgeois-Democratic Revolution of 1924 and to gain first-hand knowledge of their moral and political situation. This knowledge served Enver Hoxha later, during the efforts of the CP of Albania to rally the various groups of the nationalists and involve in the war against the Italian occupiers.

Left without work and the means to complete his university studies, Enver Hoxha returned permanently to Albania in the summer of 1936. A few days after returning to his birthplace, now imbued with the communist world outlook, he took a pledge on behalf of the youth of Albania at the grave of the outstanding patriot, Bajo Topulli. Two months later, he took part in a lofty and significant mission: the exhumination from the Plain of Shtoi of the remains of Çerçiz Topulli and Muço Qulli to return them to their birthplace, and in a brief address to the people of Shkodra he expressed his admiration for the patriots of the Albanian national movement.

After his return to the Homeland, Enver Hoxha`s first concern was to re-establish contact with the Albanian communist movement. In July 1936 in Gjirokastra he was introduced to the oustanding communist militant, Ali Kelmendi, who had played an important role in the extension of the communist movement in Albania on sound lines. Before the Zogite government expelled Ali Kelmendi from the Homeland, Enver Hoxha met him several times and discussed the problems of the development of the communist and worker`s movement with him. The Zogite authorities, who regarded him with suspicion, left Enver Hoxha unemployed for month on end after his return to Albania. After great efforts, he was appointed as a part-time teacher at the boy`s secondary school on Tirana, but was paid only for the hours which he was actually teaching. In April 1937 he was appointed a part-time teacher at the Lycée of Korça.

In Korça Enver Hoxha mixed with the workers and immediately reestablished his contacts, now in an organized way, with the communist group. Through his close contacts with the communist militants, Miha Lako, Pilo Peristeri and others, and with his theoretical horizon and practical activity, he quickly became one of the most active members of the Communist Group of Korça and the communist movement of Albania. Charged by the Communist Group of Korça to work especially with the pupils and teachers, the communist teacher, Enver Hoxha, with this propagating of democratic and communist ideas, his fiery words in defence of the rights of the people, won the sympathy of students, teachers and progressive intellectuals and became one of the main organizers of the out-of-school organization „Korça Youth“.

The year 1939. A Very serious danger, the prelude to the greatest tragedy of the Albanian people, threatened Albania. Fascist Italy, which through many concessions and enslaving political treaties had transformed Albania into a semi-colony, began preparations for its military occupation. In the face of of this danger, a logical consequence of the anti-national policy of the regime, King Zog, the landowners and the big Albanian bourgeoisie sold out to Italian capital, did not undertake any steps to organize armed resistance to the fascist aggression. The communists were the only organized force determined to and capable of arousing the people to fight in defence of the freedom and independence of the Homeland. Enver Hoxha distinguished himselg amongst the members of the Communist Group of Korça for his denunciation among the people, especially among the school youth, of the aims of fascism and for his urging the necessity for the creation of a braod anti-fascist movement. In the first days of April 1939 the plans of Italian fascism for the occupation of Albania became publicly known. Powerful demonstrations, organized and led by the communists, burst out all over the country. On the initiative of members of the communist groups and patriots, centres for the recruitment of volonteers to fight against the fascist aggression were opened in Tirana and other towns. At the meeting organized in the Town Hall of Korça, Enver Hoxha called for the mobilization and arming of the people who were aroused and ready to fight to defend their freedom and independence with their blood, and for the condemnation of the capitulationist and traitor King. In April 7, 1939, Italian fascism launched its aggression against Albania. Betrayed and left without weapons by the King and the government, unorganized and without any aid or support from abroad, the Albanian people used against the enemy „that language which Europe had forgotten“, but were unable to prevent the aggression and occupation of the country. The bloody and heroic resistance of Albanian patriots, who met the aggressors with bullets at all the ports of Albania and elsewhere, was crushed by the fascist hordes armed to the teeth. Albania was occupied.

The fascist occupation created an atmosphere of terror and insecurity throughout the whole country and put the very existence of the Albanian people and nation in jeopardy. Fully aware of the historic importance of the moment, Enver Hoxha was amongst the first who was able to see beyond the fascist gloom tio the days of freedom and the future.

Conscious of the responsibilities and duties of a revolutionary communist, from the first days of the fascist occupation he became a fiery agitator for the idea of the liberation war among the ranks of the school youth. For his revolutionary activity and resolute, open, anti-fascist stand, after coming out at the head of the demonstration of Novemeber 28, 1939, Enver Hoxha was dimissed from his job and banned from re-employment as a teacher.

By decision of the centre of the Communist Group of Korça, at the beginning of 1940, Enver Hoxha came to Tirana and imeediately threw himself into revolutionary activity to unite the communist groups and create the conditions for the formation of the CPA. Convinced about the mistaken character of the course persued by the chiefs for the unification of the communist groups through agreement between themselves, Enver Hoxha was the first to understand that the formation of the party would be achieved through activity from below, through unification to the base of the communist groups. Under the disguise of trade, he set to work energetically to accomplish this vital task for the fate of the people and the Homeland and very quickly transformed the shop „Flora“ in Tirana into the main centre of the communist movement in Albania.

In struggle with the spirit of factionalism and sectarianism, Enver Hoxha gave an impulse to the work of smoothing out disagreements, of finding a common language and of collaboration between members of different groups to carry out revolutionary actions. By establishing sound links with militant communists from other groups which operated in Tirana, amongst whom Qemal Stafa and Vasil Shanto were outstanding, Enver Hoxha worked and struggled for the formation of the Communist Party of Albania.

Continuing his efforts to unite the communist groups and form the party, during 1940 and early in 1941, Enver Hoxha went to Shkodra, Durrës, Fier, Kuçova and Gjirokastra, where he met and talked with communists of different groups and a major victory on the road of uniting the communists in a single party, was the great anti-fascist demonstration which took place in Tirana on October 28, 1941. Enver Hoxha was the main organizer of this demonstration. Being in the first line of the demonstrators, he came to the own cool-headedness and intelligence. From those moments to the eve of the liberation of Albania, all his activity was carried out in illegality. The fascists irdered Enver Hoxha`s arrest for participation in the demonstration.



Founder of the Communist Party of Albania November 8, 1941

In the Meeting of the Main Communist Groups of Albania on November 8, 1941, Enver Hoxha, with the ideological, political and organizational platform which he presented and defended, with the principled struggle which he led against liquidationist theses, supported also by other participants in the Meeting, placed the newly-formed Party on sound Marxist-Leninist foundations. Elected by the Founding Meeting a member of the Provisional Central Committee of the Party and charged with the task of leading its work, Enver Hoxha immediately placed himself in the forefront of the work and efforts to organize the CPA and to link it with the masses. „The Resolution of the Meeting of the Main Communist Groups of Albania“ ( the first programmatic document of the CPA) and „The First Appeal of the CC of the CPA Addressed to the Albanian People After the Founding of the Party“, written by Enver Hoxha in November 1941, echoed like a powerful call to battle for the communists and the whole people.

In the conditions of the most ferocious terror and condemned to death in absentia by the courts of fascism, Enver Hoxha devoted all his mental and physical energies to carrying out the tasks with which the Party had charged him. In November 23, 1941, on behalf of the CC of the CPA, he attended and chaired the meeting for the founding of the organization of the Communist Youth of Albania. The last Consultative Meeting of Activists of the CPA (April 1942), the Special Conference of the Party (June 1942), and a number of other meetings and organizations and forums of the Party were conducted successfully in Tirana on his initiative and under his leadership. The analysis and decisions of these meetings and the intensive revolutionary activity of Enver Hoxha for their application had vital importance for the ideological, political and organizational strengthening of the Party and gave a new impulse to its work.

On August 25, 1942 the first edition of the newspaper „Zëri i popullit“ was published. Enver Hoxha, author of the first leaflets which the communists distributed before the founding of the CPA, became the initiator and leader of Zëri i popullit, the organ of the CC of the Communist Party of Albania, which was published by decision of the Central Committee. The leading article of the first issue and all the other articles written by Enver Hoxha in this newspaper and other organs of the press during the period of the Antifascist National Liberation War, propagated the political line of the Party and the anti-fascist war of the Albanian people, showed the ways to national liberation and forcibly denounced the occupiers and the traitors. Enver Hoxha`s articles are models of the new publicity and political literature which emerged in Albania in the period of the liberation war.

„In our Party“, comrade Enver Hoxha said in his report to the First Counsel of the Activ of the CPA in April, 1942, „the working class must have the majority... Nobody else can lead communism, work and struggle for communism with all their hearts, then the proletarians do, the workers do.“







In the Years of the National Liberation War

In carrying out the fundamental task of the newly-created Party for the political unification of the people in the war against the occupier, Enver Hoxha established close links with the common people in town and village, with patriotic intellectuals and nationalists, and others, and on his insistence and following his example, the communists intensified their activity in town and countryside. Combating the attempts of pseudo-patriots and anti-Marxist concepts, he advocated the possibility of the political unification of the people from below and the necessity of the Front`s being led by the Communist Party of Albania. Through his daily work the masses and his elaboration of the political and organizational platform, Enver Hoxha made a direct contribution to the preparation, organization and the direction of the Conference which met on September 16, 1942, in Peza, at which the political foundaments of the National Liberation Front of the Albanian people were laid.

Right from its founding, the CPA, guided by the Marxist-Leninist thinking of Enver Hoxha, linked the struggle for driving out the occupiers with the establishment of the people`s democratic regime in liberated Albania. The Conference of Peza, which laid the foundation of the people`s state power in Albania, accepted the theses presented by Enver Hoxha in the report, The National Liberation Councils as organs of the Unity and Struggle of the Albanian People, as the basis for the setting up of national liberation councils.

The Albanian people welcomed with enthusiasm the historic decisions if the Conference of Peza and Enver Hoxha`s call for unity in the fight against the occupiers. The ranks of the National Liberation Front were increased; the alliance of the working class with the peasantry, which constituted the broadest basis of the Front, was strengthened. The number of national liberation councils, which were set up directly by the masses of the people under the leadership of the Party, increased rapidly, both in the liberated zones and in the non-liberated zones. The uniting of the people in the National Front, the setting up of councils, the strengthening and extension of the armed struggle, and the rise in the patriotic consciousness of the people placed the organization of the general people`s uprising on the order of the day.

In December 1942, Enver Hoxha left Tirana for the highlands of Elbasan where the main bases of the leading organs of the Party and the war were located until December 1943. During this period, he devoted special attention to the organization and expansion of the armed struggle which, from the outset, was orientated by the Party as a partisan struggle with a profoundly popular and revolutionary content. At the head of the Party, he worked out the political line of the National Liberation War, in conformity with the development of the situation and guided its application step by step. The meeting of the Provisional Central Committee, which was held under the chairmanship of Enver Hoxha in the village of Qafe Shmil of Elbasan at the end of December 1942, preceeded the 1st National Conference of the CPA which was to place the organization of the general people`s uprising on the agenda.

Under the leadership of Enver Hoxha, in the spring of 1943 the 1st National Conference of the Communist Party of Albania was prepared and held in Labinot near Elbasan (17 – 22 March). For the problems which it analyzed, for its more profound and extensive elaboration of the general line of the Party and for the historic decisions that it took, the 1st National Conference had the significance of a party congress. The Conference elected the Standing Central Committee and the Political Bureau, abd appointed Enver Hoxha as the General Secretary of the CPA.

The report delivered by Enver Hoxha at the 1st National Conference of the CPA, on the organizational problems of the Party, closely linked with the organization if the general uprising and his vigorous activity after the Conference to define and apply concrete measures for the organization of the National Liberation Army, gave an impulse to the general armed uprising of the Albanian people.

In the Months of May – June 1943 Enver Hoxha, in collaboration with Hysni Kapo and other comrades of the Regional Committee of Vlora, led the work in Vlora and Mallakastra to smash a dangerous anti-Party faction. During his activity to smash the faction, as well as during meetings and talks with leading comrades of the Party, communists, commanders of çetas and battalions, with partisans and patriots in the zones of Skrapar and Gora-Opar of Korça and Mokra, he saw the situation at first hand and made a major contribution to strengthening the organizations of the Party and various partisan detachments in those zones.

On July 10, 1943, applying the decisions of the 1st National Conference of the CPA, on the proposal of Enver Hoxha, the General National Liberation Council decided unanimously on the formation of the General Staff of the National Liberation Army. Enver Hoxha, General Secretary of the CPA, was appointed Political Commisar of the General Staff.

The I. Brigade, which was founded August 15, 1943, had „indeed the appearance of a regular army. This is a meaningful day in the history of our movement. This example has to be followed by all the other regions“ (Enver Hoxha, Letter to the District Committee of Vlora, August 17, 1943).

On the initiative of the CC of the CPA and Enver Hoxha personally, and by decision of the general National Liberation Council, the 2nd National Liberation Conference was held in Labinot from September 4 – 9, 1943. On the basis of the report delivered by Enver Hoxha, the Conference endorsed the conclusions of the Central Committee of the CPA and proclaimed the national liberation councils as the only state power of the people in Albania. With this decisions the 2nd National Liberation Conference, which firmly condemned the treacherous compromise on the sharing of power with Balli Kombëtar, struck a heavy blow at the efforts of reaction to seize state power and affirmed a great historic reality: the birth of the people`s state power in the fire of the war.

In September 9, 1943, fascist Italy capitulated, but the German army took the place of its army of occupation in Albania. On the same day, Enver Hoxha, on behalf of the Central Committee, prepared the directives of the committees of the CPA in the regions in connection with the situation created after the capitulation of Italy and for the war against the new occupier. The following day, September 10, Enver Hoxha signed the call of the general National Liberation Council and the General Staff, addressed to the people, to give a greater impulse to the general uprising for the complete liberation of Albania and for the seizure of power.

The leader of the CPA and the Political Commisar of the General Staff exerted all his abilities and talent for the creation, growth and strengthening of the National Liberation Army. Enver Hoxha, personally, carefully followed the work for the organization of large formations of the army and to ensure that they were equipped with armaments and supplied with military and political cadres. He took part directly in the setting up and organization of the first big formations of the National Liberation Army, the 1st , 2nd and 3rd Shock Brigades.

Enver Hoxha`s cool-headedness, courage, Marxist-Leninist maturity, firm reliance on the people and unshakeable confidence in victory stood out strongly during the months of the enemy`s biggest and most ferocious offensive, that of the winter of 1943 – 1944. Surrounded, together with part of the General Staff, by large German-Ballist forces, in the conditions of the exceptionally severe winter in the rugged mountainous terrain of the zones of Çermenika, Shëngjergi and Martanesh, Enver Hoxha maintained contact with the Party and the army, guided them in the use of skillful tactics suitable to the difficult concrete circumstances, dealt sternly with any manifestation of disorganization, panic or spirit of defeatism, and struggled to maintain and further enhance the fighting spirit and confidence in victory.

„Our War tactics, respectively the Guerilla ( partisan war), will be kept up unchangeably“ (Enver Hoxha, Letter to the District Committee of Vlora, November 22, 1943).

With the all-round daily assistance of the common people, with the revolutionary optimism and determination which characterized him, Enver Hoxha and the other members of the General Staff surmounted all the difficulties and, after almost three months, broke out of the encirclement and passed into the region of Korça. The resistance to and breaking out of the encirclement is a brillant example of the close links of the Communist Party and Enver Hoxha with the people, of the people`s love for the Party, of the harmonization of the wisdom of the leader with the generosity and ardent patriotism of the common people.

The enemy offensive of the winter of 1943 – 1944 failed and, on the order of Enver Hoxha, the National Liberation Army went over to the strategic, counter-offensive and was liberating whole regions of the country, one after the other. Appreciating that, in the existing circumstances, the complete liebration of Albania was immanent, in April 1944 Enver Hoxha, on behalf of the leadership of the CPA, presented to the Standing Committee of the General National Liberation Council the proposal for the calling of a congress which would give legal form to the state power of the national liberation councils and the creation of the new Albanian state with its democratic government and its own regular army. The 1st Anti-fascist National Liberation Congress, which founded the new Albanian state of the people`s democracy, commended its proceedings on May 24, 1944, in the town of Përmet. The Congress, at which the entire Albanian people was represented, decided that no other government which might be formed inside or outside Albania would be recognized, that Zog would be banned from returning to Albania, that all the political and economic agreements formed by the regime of Zog with foreign states to the detriment of the interests of the people would be re- examined and anulled, and that the war against German occupiers and the Albanian traitors would be continued until they were established all over the country.

„The Congress of Përmet, one of the most important events of our epic National Liberation War, a monument built by the war and wisdom of the Party and the people, a great deed of colossal importance for the future of Albania“ (Enver Hoxha).

As the Congress of Përmet, Enver Hoxha, General Secretary of the CPA, was elected a member of the Anti-fascist National Liberation Committee, which had the attributes of a provisonal government, and Commander-in Chief of the Albanian National Liberation Army.

Enver Hoxha delivered the report at the Congress of Përmet. He was President of the Anti-fascist National Liberation Committee.

On May 28, 1944, the Commander-in Chief, Enver Hoxha, issued the order for the National Liberation Army to go over the general offensive for the complete liberation of Albania from the German occupation forces and the total defeat of Balli Kombetar, Legaliteti and all reactionary forces. On the same day, the next great offensive of the German troops, which is known as the June offensive, began. Under the leadership of Enver Hoxha, the National Liberation Army which now had tens of thousands of fighters in its rank, successfully withstood all the enemy`s operations and emerged triumphant. The Hitlerite and traitor forces which took part in the enemy`s June offensive were routed. Enver Hoxha, who directed the military activities of the ANLA for the defeat of the offensive, elaborated and guided the application of the strategic plan for the complete liberation of Albania.

In his defence of the interests of the people and the Homeland Enver Hoxha clashed directly with the pressure, interference and blackmail of the British and American military missions which, in disguised and open ways did everything in their power to sabotage the National Liberation War, to support the Ballist and Zogite reaction and to restore the old power in Albania. With his clear class sense, with the wisdom of a Marxist-Leninist politician and the courage of a revolutionary leader, Enver Hoxha understood the secret aims of the allied missions right from the start, made these aims clear to the whole Party, and exposed every attempt of the missions to sabotage the National Liberation War and prevent the people from taking power.

„When the Communist Party of Albania issued the clarion call to save our beloved Homeland from the clutches of fascism, the Albanian youth were the first to respond to this call, were the first to hurl themselves into the struggle, flocked into the guerilla units in the towns and the mountains, composed of the finest sons of our people, filled the ranks of the partisan battalions which were expanded into brigades and divisions and which, today, constitute our regular National Liberations Army“ (Enver Hoxha).

The Party did not wait and could not wait with the armed actions: „The child, which was born November 8, 1941, in Tirana did not wait any single day, but it raised at ince its iron fist and beat the traitors and the fascists pitilessly“ (Enver Hoxha, report on the 4th Congress of the PLA).

In the summer of 1944 the Party decided that the 1st Congress of the organization of the Anti-fascist Youth Union of Albania (AYUA) should be called. Enver Hoxha`s address to this Congress, which was held in Helmes of Skrapar from 8 -17 August 1944, became a great program of work for this organization.

In September 1944, the Commander-in-Chief issued the order for the 5th and 3rd Shock brigades of the Albanian National Liberation Army to move into Kosova to assists in its liberation from the German occupiers. Two month later, by decision of the CC of the CPA and on the order of Enver Hoxha, the 5th and 6th Divisions of the ANLA, immediately after the complete liberation of Albania, continued the pursuit of the Hitlerite troops into Yugoslavia, were together with detachments of the Yugoslav ANLA during the months of December 1944 and January-February 1945, they liberated Montenegro, Sandjak and the southern part of Bosnia. Enver Hoxha struggled together with Miladin Popovic, the internationalist communist. The people of Berat welcomed Enver Hoxha and the other leaders of the National Liberation War.

In mid-September 1944, when most of Albania had been liberated, the Standing Committee of the Anti-fascist National Liberation Council, meeting at Odriçan ( the office of Enver Hoxha), endorsed Enver Hoxha`s proposal about turning the Anti-fascist Committee into the Democratic Government and decided to call the 2nd Meeting of the Anti-fascist National Liberation Council for this purpose. In October, Enver Hoxha, and other leaders of the National Liberation War entered the liberated town of Berat, where the 2nd Meeting of the Anti-fascist National Liberation Council was held from October 20 – 23.

„The historic decision... on transforming the Anti-fascist National Liberation Committee into the Democratic Government was a historically necessary step, a logical consequence of the war and the people`s revolution under the leadership of the Party. With this decision, the taking of political power by the working masses who had overthrown the old power through struggle, became a reality de facto and de jure“ (Enver Hoxha).

In the report delivered at the 2nd Meeting of the Anti-fascist National Liberation Council, Enver Hoxha spoke about the activity of the Anti-fascist Committee from the time of its creation and proposed its transformation into the Democratic Government. On October 22, 1944, the General National Liberation Council decided unanimously to transform the Anti-fascist National Liberation Committee into the Provisional Democratic Government of Albania. The Standing Committee of the Anti-fascist National Liberation Council charged Enver Hoxha with the task of head of the Democratic Government.

„We were returning to our beloved Tirana and, for the first time after so many years, we entered there not illegally, with false names and documents, but freely and, moreover, triumphant!“ (Enver Hoxha).

On the order of the Commander-in-Chief, Enver Hoxha, the 1st Army Corps began the battle for the liberation of the capital of Albania, Tirana. After 19 days of bloody fighting, street by street and house by house, the battle for the liberation of Tirana was crowned with success. Two days before the complete liberation of the country, on November 27, 1944, the Democratic Government of Albania, headed by Enver Hoxha, set out from Berat for Tirana. After a journey of two days over war-damaged roads, the Democratic Government made its triumphant entry into liberated Tirana - with Enver Hoxha at the head.

On November 28, 1944, the 32nd anniversary of the Proclamation of the Independence of Albania, the people of the capital, who had cared for and protected the communists who founded the Party, who had known Enver Hoxha at the head of demonstrations and had sheltered the guerilla fighters, who had suffered on their backs the atrocities and destruction perpetrated by the occupiers and local traitors and had fought against them heroically, welcomed their own first Democratic Government with open arms.

In his address on the occasion of Independence Day and the arrival of the Democratic Government in Tirana, Enver Hoxha, from the simple tribune in the boulevard of the capital, called on the Albanian people who, through struggle, had made themselvers masters of their own fate, to close their ranks around the people`s state power, around the Front and the Democratic Government, in order to safeguard the victories achieved and to attain the prospects which the seizure of power opened to them.

In the first years after Liberation from the nazi-fascist bondage and from the local traitors, it was a great joy for Enver Hoxha to see the first electric power plant, the first university, the first professional theatre, the first railroad, the promulgation of the first law on social insurances, the cvreation of the first agrucultural cooperative, etc. These were great victories for a people who emerged from the semi-feudal and semi-colonial state and set out on the road of material and spiritual progress.





The founder of the New Albanian



„Today another page in our history is being opened, a page which it is in our hands to make and we will make it just as glorious as our struggle against the occupiers, and this is the struggle for the reconstruction of Albania, for the building up of the economy, for the building of the culture and education of our people, for raising their social, economic and political level ... And here, too, we must understand, just as we understood in the armed struggle, that in order to accomplish these tasks, in order to give the people a happier and more prosperous life, the whole people must be the factor of this great work“ (Enver Hoxha).

The Provisonal Democratic Government, headed by Enver Hoxha, had to set to work to build everything from the foundations. The poverty inherited from the past, the extremely backward agriculture, the primitive industry and the illeteracy of the overwhelming majority of the population were made even graver by the destructive consequences of the war, the burnt-out towns and villages, the paralysed communications and the great human and material losses. The divisions of the National Liberation Army were fighting the nazis on the territory of Yugoslavia, while within the country the final blows were being dealt to the remnants of reaction and the plots organized with Anglo-American support. Famine threatended the country.

The patriotism, enthusiasm and inexhaustible energies of the people were Albania`s only assets in the first years of the people`s power. Enver Hoxha devoted special care to the revolutionary education and mobilization of the people, of the working masses, of the new Albania. Just as during the Anti-fascist National Liberation War, after the liberation of the country he, with the love and great authority he enjoyed among the people, was an important factor of the unity and enthusiasm of the Albanian people to build up the ne w Albania.

Under Enver Hoxha`s leadership, immediately after the liberation of the country the Party and the state of people`s democracy implemented a series of reforms of a democratic and revolutionary character which opened the way to transformations of the base and superstructure of Albanian society. The firm principled stand of Enver Hoxha was decisive for the defeat of the resistance of the overthrown classes and opportunist and liberal views and activity which protected the interests of the feudal bourgeoisies, as well as for the accomplishment of radical reforms in Albania. The Land Reform, which began to be applied in 1945, was one of the great victories which the revolution secured for the Albanian peasantry. It achieved its age-old dream of owning land. The nationalization of the main means of production was another revolutionary act which, together with the Land Reform, opened the way to the establishment of the economy on socialist foundations.

For more than 40 years on end they were to support each other in a marriage characterized by profound friendship and love which had been born during the years of the war, in their work together as soldiers of the revolution. A communist of the first hours, a resolute militant of the Party and the youth during those years, and an oustanding cadre of the Party in the years of socialism, Nexhmije Hoxha was not only a beloved and respected life`s companion for Enver Hoxha, but also an assistant and close collaborator, who stood beside him during the war and in work, in his joys and worries, and eased the great burden that he carried on his shoulders.

The Chairman of the Anti-fascist National Liberation Council, Omer Nishani, awarded Enver Hoxha the decoration „People`s Hero“ in 1945.

The brilliant victory of the Democratic Front in the elections of December 2, 1945 once again confirmed the Albanian people`s trust in the Communist Party. All the conditions had been created for the people, through their own representatives, to decide the form of the new regime. On January 11, 1946, Albania was proclaimed a People`s Republic. Enver Hoxha was entrusted with the lofty task of Head of the first Government of the Republic. From 1946 to 1954 he made an outstanding contribution in his functions as Chairman of the Council of Ministers and Foreign Minister of the PRA.

The recognition, assertion and defence of the rights of Albania in the international arena was the most important aspect of the policy of the People`s Republic of Albania in the first years of Liberations. As Prime Minister and Foreign Minister, Enver Hoxha, with his political and diplomatic activity, with his contacts with statesmen and representatives of different countries, worked to strengthen the international position of the Albanian delegation to the Peace Conference in Paris in August-September 1946, at which Enver Hoxha defended the rights of Albania as a member of the Anti-fascist Coalition.

The CPA and Enver Hoxha were convinced that it were not international conferences which would ensure genuine national independence and development. The new Albania would be built, would defend and affirm itself through work and vigilance, through knowledge and efforts, in unity round the Party. One of the most powerful leitmotifs which pervades the life of Enver Hoxha is his love and respect for the people, for the common people. Enver Hoxha led the masses with a profound conviction that it is the masses who make history.

On the invitation of the Soviet Government, in July 1947 Enver Hoxha, at the head of a top-level government delegation, went on an official visit to the Soviet Union. During this visit he had his first meeting with J. V. Stalin, the loyal pupol and continuer of the work of V. I. Lenin, the great revolutionary and leader of the world communism, and the strategist of the victory over fascism. During the years, 1947 – 1951 Enver Hoxha was to meet and talk personally with J. V. Stalin on several occasions, retaining indelible impressions about this great Marxist-Leninist personality. This visit and the talks which Enver Hoxha held with J. V. Stalin helped the strengthening of the mutual relations, made the struggle of the Albanian Party and people against fascism better known, and further strengthened the position and authority of the Albanian state in the international arena. Comrade Enver Hoxha layed a wreath on the „V. I. Lenin“ mausoleum in Moscow March 1949.

In the years 1944-1948 the Albanian Party and state were faced with a threatening situation by the anti- Marxist and anti- Albanian activity of the CPY and Tito personally. During the years of the National Liberation War, Enver Hoxha had frequently encountered and responded with firm cool-headedness to the anti-Marxist and anti-Albanian stands and insinuations of the leaders of the Yugoslav Party, who aimed to put the Communist Party of Albania and the Anti-fascist National Liberation War of the Albanian people under their leadership and control. After the liberation of the country, Enver Hoxha, while consistently defending and applying the revolutionary line for the Party, with the support of the overwhelming bulk of it, fought to avert the consequences of the Yugoslav interference which became more and more intensive, reaching its culmination az the 8th Plenum of the CC of the CPA (February 1948). The aim of Tito and other Yugoslav Federation. In order to achieve this, they worked to undermine the unity of the Communist Party of Albania and its leadership, to sabotage the economic development of the country, and to isolate Albania in the international arena,, especially from the Soviet Union and the other socialist countries. In collaboration. In collaboration with the elements recruited by them in the leadership of the CPA, they directed their main attack against Enver Hoxha who was an insurmountable obstacle to their plans and enjoyed absolute authority in the Party and among the people. Enver Hoxha was the decisive factor and the inspirer of the struggle of the Party to defeat this dangerous conspiracy. He defended the line of the Party from the attacks and accusations of the Yugoslav divisions in Albania and for uniting Albania with the Yugoslav Federation. At these key moments of history Enver Hoxha bore a heavy burden on his shoulders.

The 1st Congress of the CPA was held in Tirana from November 8 – 22, 1948. Enver Hoxha delivered the report on the work and activity of the Central Committee of the Party. The Congress elected Enver Hoxha General Secretary of the Party. In a synthesized way, Comrade Enver Hoxha made a prodound analysis of the situation of Albania up to its occupation by fascist Italy, of the political forces in Albanian society at that time, of the communist moevment in Albania up to the formation of the CPA, and of the line which it followed during the National Liberation War. In particular, Comrade Enver Hoxha brought out the danger of the anti-Albanian, Trotskyite activity of the leaders of the CPY and the groups of enemies in their service. The fundamental orientations which the Congress laid down for the further development of the country and the construction of the base of socialism in Albania were based in the report delivered by Enver Hoxha.

„The new Central Committee shall be recruited from comrades who fight for the cause of Lenin and Stalin!“ (Enver Hoxha, Selected Works, Vol. II, page 124, German edition).

Enver Hoxha`s all sided theoretical and practical activity as a leader and organizer in the 1950ies is embodied in the socialist foundations laid in those years in industry, agriculture and culture, in the radical changes in the spiritual world of our people. Especially after the liquidation of the the war devastations the program of the Party for the construction of the economic basis of socialism began to be materialized. The heroic challenge which the Albanian people made the centuries of backwardness began with the first industrial and agricultural projects and the advances made in education and culture in those years. In each step forward which the Homeland took on the road of progress, in each new project, in every achievment in the economy and culture, the thinking and activity of Enver Hoxha were present.

Enver Hoxha delivered the report at 2nd Congress of the PLA (The „Party of Labour“ was already renamed on the first Congress of the CPA).

At the 2nd Congress of the PLA (March 31 – April 7, 1952, the program for the development of the socialist economy was further elaborated. The report of Enver Hoxha and the decisions of the Congress put special emphasis on speeding up the industrialization of the country in order to ensure the rapid development of productive forces. The 1st Five-year Plan which was adopted at the Congress served this aim. In the following years, the leadership of Comrade Enver Hoxha, brought about the strengthening of the socialist economy and the building of a series of projects of heavy and light industry. The 2nd Congress of the PLA was imbued with the spirit of J. V. Stalin.

On March 5, 1953 the communists and the world proletariat, all the peoples, suffered a grave loss. J. V. Stalin died. Enver Hoxha was speaking at the memorial meeting on the day of J.V. Stalin`s fuberal. March 8, 1953. Enver Hoxha and Hysni Kapo, on behalf of the CC of the PLA laed a wrearg at the monument to J.V. Stalin in Tirana. The Party and the whole Albanian people, who had seen in J.V. Stalin an outstanding revolutionary leader, unyielding to imperialism and reaction, a glorious defender of the cause of the revolution and the peoples, a great and sincere friend of the Party and the Albanian people, received thus sad news with grief. In subsequent years Enver Hoxha was to defend J.V. Stalin and his work with principle and courage. For the Party of Labour of Albania and for Comrade Enver Hoxha the defence of J. V. Stalin was defence of the cause of Marxism-Leninism and the revolution to which Stalin remained loyal.



The struggle against revisionism after death of J.V. Stalin

After Stalin`s death Enver Hoxha became his best disciple. Nobody but Enver Hoxha defended, continued and enriched the Bolshevist heir of comrade Stalin. The Socialist Albania with Enver Hoxha at the head was to an considerable amount the result of learning from the teachings of comrade Stalin. Lenin and Stalin built up the Soviet Union and Enver Hoxha continued their work in Albania by walking in Leni s and Stalin`s steps.

Today we proceed from the 5 classics: Marx, Engels, Lenin, Stalin and Enver Hoxha. Enver Hoxha defended comrade Stalin in first line against the Krushchevites, however also against the Titoites, the Euro-“communists“, against the Maoists and Chinese revisionists, against the Trotzkyites and all the other branches of opportunism and revisionism included those who confess demagogically with lips their „love“ to Stalin, but who turn out to be his enemies in deeds.

In his work „With Stalin“ comrade Enver Hoxha disapproved the revisionist slanders, defames, disparagements and marked out the great revolutionary figure and work of comrade Stalin. Enver Hoxha taught us Marxist-Leninists, that the defence of Marxism-Leninism is not possible without the defence of comrade Stalin. The struggle against revisionism is not possible without the struggle of the defence of Stalin. The re-conquest of socialism in Russia is not possible without defence of comrade Stalin. These are questions of proncipled character. Comrade Enver Hoxha addressed these words to the Soviet people on occasion of Stalin`s centenary of birth, and still today this is the appeal to follow the line of the renewal of the October-Revolution in Russia in the spirit of Lenin and Stalin:

I, as a militant of the Party, as one of its leaders, whom the Party has honoured by sending me several times to meet Comrade Stalin, to talk with him about our problems, our situation and to seek his advice and help, have tried to record my recollections of these meetings at the proper time, just as I have felt and seen the behaviour of Stalin towards the representative of a small party and people like ours. In making these simple memoirs available for publication, 1 proceeded from the desire to help our communists, working people and youth become acquainted with the figure of that great and immortal man. In this glorious anniversary, I bow in devotion and loyalty to the Party and the people that gave birth to me, raised me and tempered me, and to Joseph Stalin who has given me such valuable advice for the happiness of my people and left indelible memories in my heart and mind.


For us Marxist-Leninists and the innumerable sympathizers with the lofty ideals of the working class throughout the world, this centenary must serve to strengthen the fighting unity of our ranks.


Now, the commemoration of this great jubilee of Stalin's birth is the time for profound relection by honest people everywhere in the world to find the correct road, to dispel from their minds the fog created by the capitalist bourgeoisie, the revisionist bourgeoisie, with the aim of paralysing the revolutionary drive and the revolutionary thought of the masses. Revolutionary thought. and action will lead the men of good will, the just men, he men of the people, on to the road of their escape from the yoke of capital. In commemorating Stalin and his work on the centenary of his birth, we Marxist-Leninists cannot fail to address ourselves directly to the peoples of the Soviet Union to tell them in the most frank and sincere manner:

You, who fought and triumphed over the most dangerous enemies of humanity with the name of Stalin on your lips, what are you going to do, are you going to remain silent on the occasion of this great jubilee? Since they cannot conceal the name and brilliant work of Stalin, the Khrushchevite revisionists, who left nothing unsaid against him, may write some few feeble words about him. But it is up to you, who carried out the Great October Revolution, to remember your brilliant leader with profound respect. You must destroy the dictatorial fascist regime which is hidden behind deceptive slogans. You must know that those who are leading you are fascists, chauvinists and imperialists. They are preparing you as cannon fodder for a fierce imperialist war, to kill the peoples and burn and devastate countries which had great hopes in the Homeland of Lenin and Stalin. This is not what the peoples of the world want you to be. If you go on like this, they can no longer respect you, but will hate you. The peoples of the world hate your present counterrevolutionary leadeng, because the atomic weapons they are producing, the parades in Red Square and the military manoeuvres they are organizing, have become threatening to the peoples and their freedom, just like those of American imperialism and world capitalism. The weapons and the army in the Soviet Union are no longer in the hands of the Soviet peoples and do not serve the liberation of the world proletariat. On the contrary, they are intended to oppress the whet and other peoples. You must understand and realize that the enemies have long since turned you from the road of the revolution. The Khrushchevite revisionists are seeking to arouse in you feelings of superiority and domination over others. They claim they are using your great strength allegedly to combat American imperialism and world capitalism, but this is false. Your rulers are in contradiction and alliance with American imperialism and world capitalism, not in the interests of the revolution, but because of their imperialist ambitions and greed for the division of spheres of 'influence and domination over the peoples. The peoples of the world are worried whether you, the sons, grandsons and great-grandsons of those glorious fighters who carried out the Great October Socialist Revolution, you, the Soviet proletarians, collective farmers, soldiers and intellectuals, will proceed on this course hostile to the peoples, on to which those who rule you have led you, or will rise and fight on the revolutionary road with the names of Lenin and Stalin on your lips. The hope and desire of the world is that you will take the road of the revolution and march forward, shouting like your forbears: <<za Lenina!>>,<<za Stalina!>>, for genuine socialism and against imperialism, social-imperialism and revisionism. The traitor leadership does not inform you correctly about the sufferings of other peoples who are being killed in the streets in demonstrations against the blood-thirsty capitalists and imperialits. They do not tell you the truth about why the people in Iran, thirsting for freedom and independence, rise to their feet and topple the tyrannical Shah. the tool of the American imperialists. The Khrushchevite revisionist clique keep you in the dark about the sufferings of the Arab peoples, the peoples of the American continent and all the continents of the world, because it is imperialism and your treacherous leaders who inflict these sufferings on them. They tell you nothing about how they oppress the peoples of Africa. using your men and their vassals, you do not know about the intrigues the new CZars of the Kremlin hatch up in the world, you are not fold that the friends of the Khrushchevies, the friends, of your leadership to whom Nikita Khrusbehev and his followers, headed by Brezhnev, opened the road of betrayal, are making common cause with the capitalists to the detriment of the working class and the interests of their peoples. You don't know many things about the sufferings and persecution of honest people in your country, because the present gang which oppresses you is silent about such things. You must know that the peoples have risen in revolution, that they are fighting heroically, while you, who constitute a great force, allow your traitor leaders to oppress you, delude you and put you to sleep. A gang of overlords has turned your country into a social-imperialist power. The road to salvation is that of the revolution which Marx, Engels, Lenin and Stalin have taught us. The Brezhnevs, Kosygins, Ustinovs and Yakubovskys, like the Solzhenitsyns and Sakharovs, are counterrevolutionaries and as such must be overthrown and liquidated. You are a great power, but you have to regain the trust of the world proletariat, the trust of the peoples of the world, that great trust that Lenin and Stalin created through work and struggle. You must not delay reflecting deeply about your future and that of mankind. The time has come for you to become what you were when Lenin and Stalin were alive-glorious participants in the proletarian revolution. Therefore, you must not remain under the yoke of enemies of the revolution and the peoples, enemies of the freedom and independence of states. You must never allow yourselves to become tools of an imperialism which is seeking to enslave the peoples, using Leninism as a mask. If you follow the road of the revolution and Marxism-Leninism, if you link yourselves closely with the world proletariat, then American imperialism and the decaying capitalism in general will be shaken to their very foundations, the face of the world will be changed and socialism will triumph. You, the Soviet peoples, Soviet workers, collective farmers and soldiers, have great responsibilities and duties to mankind. You can perform these duties honourably by refusing to tolerate the domination of the barbarous clique which now prevails over the once glorious Bolshevik Party of Lenin and Stalin and over you. In your country the party is no longer a Marxist-Leninist party. You must build a new party of the Lenin-Stalin type through struggle. You must understand that the Soviet Union is no longer a union of peoples for freedom, in full harmony with one another. It was Bolshevism which succeeded in creating the fraternal unity of the peoples of the Soviet Union. Revisionism has done the opposite: it has split the peoples of your country, has aroused chauvinism in every republic, has incited hostility amongst them, has aroused the hatred of other peoples against the Russian people, who were the vanguard in the revolution under the leadership of Lenin and Stalin. Will you go on allowing yourselves to be downtrodden? Will you go on allowing the deepening of the process of bourgeois denegeration in all fields of life in your country, as the revisionists are doing? Will you accept the yoke of a new capital, under the cloak of a false socialism? We Albanian communists and people, like all the communists and freedom-loving peoples of the world, have, loved the true socialist Soviet Union of the time of Lenin and Stalin. We resolutely follow the road of Lenin and Stalin and have faith in the great revolutionary strength of the Soviet peoples, the Soviet proletariat, and that gradually express itself, through struggle and sacrifices, will be built up to the level the time demands and will smash Soviet social-imperialism to its very foundations.

The revolution and sacrifices you will make will not weaken your country but will revive the true socialist Soviet Union. They will overthrow the socialimperialist dictatorship and the Soviet Union will emerge from this stronger than ever.

In this glorious work you will have the support of all the peoples of the world and the world proletariat. The strength of the ideas of socialism and communism is based on this revolutionary overthrow and not on the empty words and underhand actions of the clique ruling you. Only in this way, proceeding on this course, will the genuine communists, the Marxist-Leninists everywhere in the world, be able to defeat imperialism and world capitalism. They will assist the peoples of the world to liberate themselves, one after the other, will assist great China to set out on the genuine road to socialism and not become a superpower so that it, too, can rule the world, by transforming itself into a third partner in the predatory wars which American imperialism, Soviet social-imperialism and the clique of Hua Kuo-feng and Teng Hsiao-ping which is ruling in China at present, are preparing.


In this glorious jubilee, we Albanian communists, as loyal pupils of Lenin and Stalin and soldiers of the revolution, remind you to think over these problems, vital to you and the world ' because we are your brothers, your comrades in the cause of the proletarian revolution and the liberation of the peoples. If you follow the road of the predatory, imperialist war, on which your renegade leaders are taking you, then, without doubt, we shall remain enemies of your system and your counterrevolutionary actions. This is as clear as the light of the day. It cannot be otherwise.

When we are convinced that we are acting correctly, we Albanian communists, linked with our people like flesh to bone, do not heave to in the face of even the fiercest storm. And we are convinced thal we shall weather any storm, just as the Bolshevik Party and the Soviet Power did, just as the great Captains of the revolution, Lenin and Stalin, weathered them“ (ENVER HOXHA: „WITH STALIN“, memoirs; ON THE OCCASION OF THE CENTENARY OF THE BIRTH OF GREAT MARXIST-LENINIST JOSEPH STALIN).


Modern revisionism was first and already in power in the lifetime of J. Stalin – directed against Stalin, against the Soviet Union, against those countries who started to follow the path of Lenin and Stalin, against the world proletariat and its world revolution, against the anti-imperialist and national liberation struggle, against communism and Marxism-Leninism. It was comrade Enver Hoxha`s internationalist historical merit to struggle successfully against the Tito-ites. Enver Hoxha completed what Stalin began: he exposed, unmasked and liquidated Titoism as a dangerous branch of modern revisionism within the international commuinist movement and within his Homeland, Socialist Albania. It was also the historical merit of comrade Enver Hoxha that he draw a principled demarcation line between Marxism-Leninism and Titoism with the result that he exposed and unmasked all those revisionist streamings all over the world whose attitude towards Tito`s Yugoslavia developed from reconciliation to open sympathy. It was particularly the stand towards Tito`s revisionism, it was particularly the „question of Yugoslavia“ (socialist or not?), which devided the Marxist-Leninist World Movement with Enver Hoxha at the head in the correct side and the international streamings of modern revisionism on the other hand (inclusively the Trotzkyite Yugoslav streaming).

The character of the Yugoslav class-enemies were very clear to Enver Hoxha. For example, the friendly standpoint of the Maoists and all the others as Kim Il Sungists, Rumania, Bulgariaetc., etc... - towards Titoite Yugoslavia helped him to analyse all the different revisionist branches all over the world , especially the wavering line of the Chinese revisionist leaders with Mao at the head.



Enver Hoxha created anti-Titoism as a touch-stone of the defence of Marxism-Leninism.

In his memories on the „Tito-ites“ Enver Hoxha described the historical experience of his struggle against the Tito-ites. This book was published in 1983 – only two years before his death. The book was written in the years 1981 and 1982 and covers historical notices, memories and profound analyses on the history of the relations between neighbourly CPY and PLA, between the neighbourly countries Yugoslavia and Albania as a revisionist and a socialist country - from the beginning in 1941 up to the final breach with Tito and the Titoites. Enver Hoxha considered the anti-Titoite struggle as an historical imperative of the Marxist-Leninist World Movement in the all-round fight against revisionism.





In the 1950`s , the Party of Labour of Albania, which had mobilized itself as the head of the people to carry forward the development and strengthening of the country, had to face up to a dangerous and powerful enemy, Khrushchevite revisionism, that seized power in the Soviet Union after death of J. V. Stalin. Enver Hoxha followed the process of the revisionist evolution in the Soviet Union with attention and concern. From 1953 to 1960 he had meetings and took part in joint gatherings with the Soviet leaders and leaders of other communist and worker`s parties. From these meetings, as well from their concrete political actions, he reached his judgement about the real anti-Marxist nature of the Krushchevite leading group. From the first steps of Krushchev`s frontal attack on Marxism-Leninism and the socialist system, Comrade Enver Hoxha came out against their concepts and stands. At the wise tactics, taking into account the interests of the international communist movement and the socialist camp, the interests of Marxism-Leninism and the revolution. In 1976 Enver Hoxha wrote the book „The Khrushchevites“, which was published in 1980. This work (memories) is another prove for the principled struggle of the PLA against revisionism and for the defence of Marxism-Leninism. The memories of Enver Hoxha concern the period of 1953-1961 – from the death of Stalin until the final end of the relations. Enver Hoxha wrote abou the visits, contacts, meetings and relations to the Parties and countries as his imperessions in that period. To give only an overview we herewith quote just the headings of all the 13 chapters:

“From the time the Khrushchevites took power to the moment when we came out in open confrontation with them, the relations of the Party of Labour of Albania with the Communist Party of the Soviet Union passed through a complicated process, with zig zags, with periods of exacerbation and periods of temporary normalization. This was the process of each getting to know the other through encounters in the course of the struggle and the continual clash of views. After the Khrushchevite revisionist putschists came to power, our Party, basing itself on the events that were taking place there, on certain stands and actions, which were ill-defined at first, but which, step by step, were becoming more concrete, began to sense the great danger of this clique of renegades, which hid behind a deafening pseudo-Marxist ,demagogy, and to understand that this clique was becoming a great threat both to the cause of the revolution and socialism as a whole, and to our country.”

“Stalin dies. Next day the top Soviet leadership divides up the portfolios. Khrushchev climbs the steps to power. Disillusionment from the first meeting with the «new» Soviet leaders in June 1953. Ill-intentioned criticism from Mikoyan and Bulganin. The end of Beria's short-lived reign. The meeting with Khrushchev in June 1954: «You helped in the exposure of Beria.» Khrushchev's «theoretical» lecture on the roles of the first secretary of the party and the prime minister. The revisionist mafia spins its spider's web inside and outside the Soviet Union.”

“The roots of the tragedy of the Soviet Union. The stages through which Khrushchev passes towards seizing political and ideological power. The Khrushchevite caste corrodes the sword of the revolution. What lies behind Khrushchev's «collective leadership». Khrushchev and Mikoyan - the head of the counterrevolutionary plot. The breeze of liberalism is blowing in the Soviet Union. Khrushchev and Voroshilov speak openly against Stalin. Khrushchev builds up his own cult. The enemies of the revolution are proclaimed «heroes» and «victims».”

“Mikoyan, a cosmopolitan huckster and inveterate anti-Albanian. Difficult talks in June 1953 on economic matters - the Soviet leaders are bargaining over aid for Albania. Khrushchev's «advice» one year later: «You doni need heavy industry», «We shall supply you with oil and metals», «Doni worry about bread grain, we'll supply you with all you want.>. Quarrels with Mikoyan. Discontent in Comecon from the revisionist chiefs. Ochab, Dej, Ulbricht. The June 1956 Comecon consultation in Moscow Khrushchev: «. . . we must do what Hitler did.» Talks with Khrushchev again. His «advice»: «Albania should advance with cotton, sheep, fish and citrus fruit.».”

“Khrushchev has his eyes on Yugoslavia. The first sign of the flirtation: the Soviet letter of June 1954; Khrushchev blames the Information Bureau for the Yugoslav leadership's betrayal. Intense exchange of cordial correspondence between Krushchev and Tito. Khrushchev decides to rehabilitate the renegades. Our clear-cut opposition: the letters of May and June 1955. Talk with Ambassador Levichkin: «How can such decisions be taken so lightly and in a unilateral way?» Insistent invitation to go to the Soviet Union -on holiday»l Meeting with Suslov. Mikoyan telephones at midnight: "Meet Tempo, iron out your disagreements.» The meeting with S. V. Tempo.”

“Khrushchev seeks hegemony in the world communist movement. His attack on the Comintern and the Information Bureau. The Khrushchevites extend their tentacles to other parties. The sudden deaths of Gottwald and Bierut. Unforgettable memories from the meeting with Dimitrov and Kolarov. Correct but formal relations with Rumania. The opportunist zig-zags of the Rumanian leadership. Pleasant impressions from Czechoslovakia; wandering at will and visits to historical sites. Suffocating atmosphere everywhere in the Soviet Union. The chinovniki surround us everywhere. Our relations with the East Germans.”

“The 20th Congress of the CPSU. Khrushvhev's theses - the charter of modem revisionism. The -secret» report against Stalin. Togliatti demands recognition of his «merits». Tito in the Soviet Union. Molotov is dismissed from the task of foreign minister. Abortive attempt of the «anti-party group». The end of the career of Marshal Zhukov. Another victim of the Khrushchevites' backstage manoeuvres: Kirichenko. May 1956: Suslov demands that we rehabilitate Koçi Xoxe and company. Dune 1956: . Tito and Khrushchev are displeased with us. July 1957: Khrushchev arranges a dinner in Moscow so that we meet Rankovic and Kardelj.”

“Towards turning the socialist countries into Russian dominions. Changes in the Bulgarian leadership dictated by Moscow. Zhivkov's «clock» is wound up in Moscow. The Danubian complex and the Rumanians' "fall-out» with the Soviets. The official elimination of the Information Bureau. The reformist illusions of the Italian and French parties - Togliatti, the father of «polycentrism». Unforgettable meeting with two beloved French comrades, Marcel Cachin and Gaston Monmousseau. The vacillations of Maurice Thorez. Destruction of the unity of the communist movement, a colossal service for world imperialism.”

“Our relations with the CPC and the PRC up till 1956. Invitations from China, Korea and Mongolia. An astounding event in Korea: two members of the Political Bureau flee to. . . China! Ponomaryov defends the fugitives. Mikoyan and Peng Dehuzi «tune up» Kim Il Sung. The meeting with Mao Zedong: *Neither the Yugoslavs nor you were wrong», «Stalin made mistakes», «It is necessary to make mistakes». Li Lisan at the 8th Congress of the CPC: *I ask you to help me, because I may make mistakes again.» Disappointment and concern over the 8th Congress of the CPC. Meetings in Beijing with Dej, Yugov, Zhou Enlai and others. Bodnaras as intermediary to reconcile us with Tito.”

“The counter-revolution in action in Hungary and Poland. Matyas Rakosi. Who cooked up the «broth» in Budapest? Talk with Hungarian leaders. Debate with Suslov in Moscow. Imre Nagy's «self-criticism». Rakosi falls. Reaction surges ahead. Khrushchev, Tito and Gerö in the Crimea. Andropov: «We cannot call the insurgents counter-revolutionaries.» The Soviet leadership is hesitant. The Hungarian Workers' Party is liquidated. Nagy announces Hungary's withdrawal from the Warsaw Treaty. Part of the back-stage manoeuvres: the Tito-Khrushchev letters. Poland 1956 - Gomulka on the throne. In retrospect: Bierut. Gomulka's counter-revolutionary program. What we learn from the events of 1956. Talks in Moscow, December 1956.”

“The Soviets demand «unity». The Moscow Meeting of 1957. Khrushchev's negotiations to bring Tito to the meeting. Khrushchev's shortlived .,anger». Debate over the formula: -Headed by the Soviet Union.» Gomulka: «We are not dependent on the Soviet Union.» Mao Zedong: «Our camp must have a head because even a snake has a head.» Togliatti: «We must open new roads», «we are against a single leading centre», .«we do not want to use Lenin's thesis 'the party of the new type'». Mao's sophistry: 80 per cent, 70 per cent and 10 per cent "Marxists». The Mescow Declaration and the Yugoslav reaction. Khrushchev disguises his betrayal under the name of Lenin.”

“Our Party and Government delegation goes to the Soviet Union. Khrushchev's manoeuvres: the «carrot» in evidence - the Soviet government converts the credits into grants. Leningrad: PospyeIov and Kozlov censor our speeches. «We should not mention the Yugoslavs.» Our official talk with Khrushchev and others. Khrushchev gets angry: «You want to take us back to Stalin's course», «Tito and Rankovic aro better than Kardelj and Popovic. Tempo is an ass . . . , is unstable.» A chance meeting with the Yugoslav ambassador in Moscow, Micunovic. Khrushchev's visit to Albania, May 1959. Khrushchev and Malinovsky ask us for military bases: «We shall control the whole Mediterranean from the Bosporus to Gibraltar.» The adviser on the extermination of dogs. The Soviet Embassy in Tirana, a centre of the KGB.”

“February 1960: Mikoyan on the Chinese-Soviet differences. Exacerbation of the situation between Moscow and Beijing. Kosygin paya a «visit» to Mehmet Shehu in Moscow. The Bucharest plot. Hysni Kapo does not bat an eyelid at Khrushchev's pressure. The Soviets set their secret agents in motion and establish the blockade to starve us. The struggle in the preparatory commission for the Moscow Meeting. Our delegation in Moscow. Icy atmosphere. The Soviet Gargantuas. Pressure, flattery, provocations again. The Kremlin marshals. A brief meeting with Andropov. Khrushchev's tactic: «There should be no polemics.» The mercenaries react against our speech. The last talks with the Khrushchevite renegades.”

“Steel unity in the Party and our people. The Soviets want to occupy the Vlora base. Tense situation at the base. Admiral Kasatonov goes off with his tail between his legs. The enemies dream of changes in our leadership. The 4th Congress of the PLA. Pospyelov and Andropov in Tirana. The Greek and Czechoslovak delegates get the answer that they deserve to their provocations. Khrushchev's envoys to Tirana fail in their mission. Why do they «invite» us to go to Moscow again?! Khrushchev's public attack on the PLA at the 22nd Congréss of the CPSU. The. final breach: in December 1961 Khrushchev cuts off diplomatic relations with the People's Republic of Albania.”

“Thus the relations of socialist Albania with the revisionist Soviet Union came to an end. However, our struggle against the treacherous, fascist, social-imperialist activity of the Khrushchevite and Brezhnev revisionists did not cease and will not cease. We have attacked them and will go on attacking them until they are wiped from the face of the earth, until the joint struggle of the peoples, revolutionaries and Marxist-Leninists all over the world triumphs everywhere, including the Soviet Union. One day the Soviet people will sternly condemn the Khrushchevites and will honour and love the Albanian people and the Party of Labour of Albania, as they loved us in better times, because our people and Party fought unflinchingly against the Khrushchevites, who are our common enemies.” (all quotations from Khrushchev Hoxha: “The Khrushchevites”, Tirana, 1980).

Especially after the 20th Congress of the CPSU, our Party and Enver Hoxha personally reflected deeply on the counter revolutionary change which the Khrushchevite Soviet leadership was bringing about. In this grave situation, Enver Hoxha, who never at any time submitted to Khrushchev`s pressure and blackmail to impose his course on our Party, opposed the revisionist platform of the 20th Congress and affirmed the fundamental principles of the Marxist-Leninist theory. The PLA and Enver Hoxha were among the first to understand that a dangerous counter-revolutionary force had emerged in the Soviet Union and to declare war on it. The subsequent developments confirmed the correctness of their stands. The line followed by the Party of Labour of Albania under Enver Hoxha`s leadership was decisive for the defence of socialism in Albania, it guaranteed the independence of the country, raised the authority and prestige of socialist Albania in the world.

In June 1955 the Plenum of the CC of the PLA condemned the capitulant and hostile elements of Tuk Jakova and Bedri Spahiu. „Tuk's other `theses` were all those which the Khrushchevite team were peddling wholesale in their preparation of the terrain for the 20th Congress of the CPSU: the dying out of the class struggle, re-examination of the line pursued by the Party, especially the rehabilitation of those enemies who had been condemned for opportunism and Trotskyism; the changing of the composition of the CC of the party and the bringing of condemned elements into the leadership, etc., etc.“ (page586).

„The daily experience of our Party in relation to the Yugoslavs,“ we wrote to Khrushchev among other things, „both before the breach with the Yugoslavs in 1948 and later, to this day, proves clearly and completely, with many incontestable facts, that the principled content of all the resolutions of the Cominform in regard to the Yugoslav question has been completely correct. . . (From the letter of the CC of the PLA to the CC of the CPSU, May 25, 1955. CAP.)

„The revisionist theses and decisions of the 20th Congress of the CPSU had just been published and the Yugoslav leadership judged that time must not be lost. In their view, a rapid, secret and intensive action in Albania might disturb and completely confuse the situation, otherwise `the Stalinist leadership of Enver Hoxha` could not be shaken. They started to spin the threads of the plot“ (page 590).

„We arrived at the correct conclusion that it was the revisionist platform of the 20th Congress of the CPSU which had inspired and encouraged both the Yugoslav leadership and its agents within our ranks to undertake this hostile attempt. After the group of conspirators at the Tirana Conference was routed, some of its participants were expelled from the Party and some others, those who turned out to be in contact with the Yugoslav embassy (because at that time we had no facts about the Soviet embassy) were handed over to the court.“ (page 596) .

„From 1948 to 1955 the Yugoslav secret agency infiltrated into and organized in Albania 307 gangs of secret agents, wreckers and criminals who were all captured or wiped out. During the same period groups and secret organizations of agents set up and guided by the Yugoslav secret service in collaboration with Western secret services were discovered and wiped out in our country“ (page 584).

„For about forty years the Yugoslav revisionists have been wrong and have failed in their open plans and secret plots against Albania, and still they refuse to accept that the citadel of the Party and socialist Albania cannot be taken either from outside, with armies, pressures and provocations of any kind, or from inside, through their agents of any calibre whom they have trained and held in reserve for more than forty years, or have borrowed from the CIA, the KGB, the Intelligence Service, or any other agency.

Our Party has waged and will always wage the ideological struggle against the Yugoslav revisionists consistently, because it is thoroughly acquainted with their real features as anti-Marxists, chauvinists, and inveterate agents of imperialism The whole history of relations between our Party and the Yugoslav leadership has been and still is a history of unrelenting plots by the Titoite clique for the subjugation of our Party, for the liquidation of the independence of our country, a history of the heroic resistance of the Party of Labour of Albania and our people to the diabolical plans of this clique and its endless threats and blackmail“ (page 20) .

After centuries of struggles against enslavement, oppression and ignorance, Albania, the Homeland of a people who have never separated their love for freedom from their thirst for culture and progress, saw the fulfilment of the dream of the leaders of our Renaissance, of great patriots, for an Albanian university. Enver Hoxha at the head of the Party opened to the nation the doors of enlightenment, education and scvience. On September 16, 1957 he cut the ribbon at the opening of the University of Tirana.

Enver Hoxha`s activity as a politician and diplomat, his participation and role in the international relations of ther Albanian state are an important aspect of his great personality. He was all through his life of a communist leader not just the architect and inspirer of the foreign policy of the country, but a permanent revolutionary factor. Enver Hoxha was involved personally in applying the foreign policy of socialist Albania and accomplishing its objectives. After the liberation of the country, up to the year 1960, Enver Hoxha went to many countries of the world and took part in a large number of international meetings and confrences.Both during these travels and visits and in Albania he met many foreign personalities, heads of states and governments, and leaders of political parties and organizations of different countries of the world. As in all of Enver Hoxha`s activity in the field of international relations, in these meetings and talks, which were frequently difficult and in tense circumstances, he displayed his rare ability as a politician and diplomat, his powerful logic and extensive knowledge of problems, and his determination in defence of the principled positions of e revolutionary foreign policy. Enver Hoxha`s activity has great weight in asserting the dignity of Albania in the international arena, in defending its vital interests, and in the sympathy it won among the peoples and progressive individuals in the world. Enver Hoxha participated a meeting of workers at a factory in Leningrad, April 1957.

At the end of the 1950s, relations between the PLA and the CPSU became extreemely tense. The counter-revolutionary events in Poland und Hungary in 1956, the collaboration of the Khrushchevite group with Tito, the aims and brutal attempts of the soviet leaders to impose their counter-revolutionary revisionist line on our Party were revealing their true features. In Moscow in December 1956 and April 1957, Enver Hoxha expressed openly to Krushchev and his collaborators the principled opposition of the PLA over a series of important problems of the communist and worker`s movement and the international situation. Throughout this whole period Enver Hoxha followed the grave atmosphere which was being created in the communist movement and the socialist camp with attention and concern,while reflecting on its causes. At the 2nd Plenum of the CC of the PLA (February 1957), Comrade Enver Hoxha dealt with important problems of developments in the world and in the international communist moevement, arriving at conclusions which were in conflict with the revisionist ideas and spirit of the 20th Congress of the CPSU. At the Moscow Meeting (November 1957), Enver Hoxha made an outstanding contribution so that the document approved there was based on the Marxist-Leninist revolutionary principles. After ther official visit of Krushchev to Albania (May 1959), the gulf became deeper because of the irreconcilable positions of the two sides. At the Bucharest Meeting in June 1960, the conflict with the Krushchevite revisionists burst out openly. The delegation of the PLA, guided by the precise and continuous instructions of Enver Hoxha, opposed Krushchev`s efforts to dictate to the socialist camp. On November 16, 1960, Comrade Enver Hoxha made his historic speech at the Meeting of 81 Parties in Moscow, in which he made a devastating criticism of the anti-Marxist concepts and activity of the Krushchevite group. The open and all-sided Soviet attacks and pressures began from that time. The adherence to revolutionary principles and the resolute stands of Enver Hoxha saved the Party and the people from the tragedy which the rulers of Moscow and their allies had prepared for them.

In his speech delivered at the Conference of the 81 communist and workers' parties in Moscow in November 1960, Comrade Enver Hoxha made an all-round analysis of the main problems that were concerning the international communist movement and firmly upheld Marxism-Leninism. This speech is one of the most important phases of the principled fight which the Party of Labor of Albania has waged to expose modern revisionism and consolidate the unity of the international communist and workers' movement.

The battle the Party of Labor of Albania has waged against the revisionist views of the Khrushchevite Soviet leadership began immediately after the XX Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. Although this battle was not waged directly and openly at the beginning, the Party of Labor of Albania had made known all its reservations and objections to the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. The Party of Labor of Albania tried in every way to avoid publicising its differences with the Communist Party of the Soviet Union lest that would put wea pons into the hands of the enemies of communism. On the other hand, it was not yet cognizant of Khrushchev's real intentions, therefore it tried to settle the differences through talks and consultations in a comradely spirit. While maintaining a principled stand, it strove and hoped to make the Soviet leaders realize their mistakes and take the right path.

The real treacherous features of the Soviet revisionists became more and more evident to the Party of Labor of Albania. The more their treachery was revealed, the harsher and more irreconcilable became the battle the Party of Labor of Albania waged against Khrushchevite revisionism in order to expose and crush it completely.

At the June 1960 Bucharest meeting the Party of Labor of Albania came out in the open in defense of Marxist-Leninist principles and cried <<Halt! >> to the Khrushchevite revisionists who attempted to hatch up a dangerous plot against the Communist Party of China and against the entire international communist movement.

After the Bucharest meeting the Soviet revisionist leaders launched a savage attack against the Party of Labor of Albania in order to force it into line with them and their deeds. Under these conditions, the Party of Labor of Albania became more thoroughly convinced that its principled stand on all the basic issues of the international communist movement should be maintained with the utmost courage and determination. It did this at the 1960 November Conference in Moscow.

In his speech at the Conference, Comrade Enver Hoxha, openly, frankly and with Marxist-Leninist courage, submitted the principled views of the Party of Labor of Albania on the main issues of the international communist movement about which differences had arisen and sharply criticized N. Khrushchev's revisionist group, both for its erroneous anti-Marxist views and actions as well as for its brutal interference in the internal affairs of the Party of Labor of Albania and the savage attacks it had launched against it.

The Party of Labor of Albania launched this absolutely principled criticism against the Soviet leaders in order to safeguard the unity of the international communist movement and the socialist camp, because unity cannot be preserved without exposing faults and alien manifestations, without condemning them forthrightly and without correcting them on Marxist-Leninist lines.

At the Moscow meeting, the Khrushchevites did their utmost to refute the criticism against their revisionist views and divisive acts. Their attempt was in vain.

Following the determined and principled stand of the Party of Labor of Albania on all the problems that were preoccupying the international communist movement, and after the speech of the Chinese delegation, the representatives of all the participating parties at the meeting were obliged to express their attitude one way or the other. Faced with this situation, the revisionists tried to draw the attention of the participants at the meeting away from principled issues and to turn the meeting into a platform of vicious attacks against the Party of Labor of Albania and the Communist Party of China. But this attempt also met with failure. The principled, internationalist stand of the Party of Labor of Albania in defense of Marxism-Leninism and the unity of the international communist movement was seconded by the Communist Party of China and by the delegations of a number of other parties. The Khrushchevite revisionists were obliged to back down.

Comrade Enver Hoxha's speech was a major contribution to the successful outcome of the Moscow Conference. Thanks to the determined battle waged by the Communist Party of China, by the Party of Labor of Albania and by some other parties, the Moscow Conference approved the Declaration. Included in the Declaration were certain incorrect conclusions and erroneous theses. On these assessments and theses, the Party of Labor of Albania entertained quite contrary views which it had also expressed openly at the Conference. The delegation of the Party of Labor of Albania signed the Declaration considering its content correct in general. While making concessions on partial matters for the sake of unity, the Party of Labor of Albania made no concessions whatsoever on the main issues which were connected with the basic principles of Marxism-Leninism.

The Party of Labor of Albania was of the opinion that unity in the international communist movement could be established if every party carried out the Declaration in good faith, and that the differences could be settled only by observing the norms governing the relations between Marxist-Leninist parties without making public these differences to the enemies of socialism. This is why the Party of Labor of Albania refrained from publishing Comrade Enver Hoxha's speech at the Moscow Conference at that time, but persisted in carrying out the Declaration which was approved there.

Comrade Enver Hoxha's speech at the Moscow Conference clearly shows that from that time onward, the Party of Labor of Albania would wage an open battle against bourgeois and revisionist ideology. Nevertheless, this battle had not yet assumed that breadth and depth which it assumed later as a logical consequence of the embitterment of the struggle between Marxism-Leninism and modern revisionism and of the degeneration of the Soviet revisionist leaders into a gang of renegades from and traitors to socialism. The whole document bears the seal of the time and circumstances under which it came to being. It is published without modification.

His speech was published in his works, volume 19, 15 years later.

Until today it is a speech that symbolizes the ongoing battle between the Marxist-Leninist World Movement and the revisionist international movements :

We do not consider it an offense when comrades criticize us justly and on facts, but we will never, never, accept that without any facts, they may call us „dogmatic“, „sectarian“, „narrow nationalists“ simply because we fight with persistence against modern revisionism and, especially, against Yugoslav revisionism. „If anyone considers our struggle against revisionism as dogmatic or sectarian, we say to him, `Take off your revisionist spectacles and you will see more clearly!`“ (Speech delivered at the Meeting of 81 Communist and Worker`s Parties in Moscow on November 16, 1960; published in Tirana 1969). The so called „struggle against dogmatism and sectarianism““ is already an old, enough known tactics of the revisionists of all times against Marxism-Leninism.

The 4th Congress of the PLA was held in February 1961. This Congress occupies a special place in the history of the Party. It confirmed the completion of ther stage of the construction of the economic basis of socialism. Enver Hoxha summed up this period and orientated the Party and the country towards the complete construction of socialist society. Contrary to what the revisionists hoped and despite the